本文摘要：The Spark Program星火计划At the end of the 1970s, the reform of economic institution first started in rural areas in China.The family output related contract responsibility system was established and has aroused the farmers’ enthusiasm for get

The Spark Program星火计划At the end of the 1970s, the reform of economic institution first started in rural areas in China.The family output related contract responsibility system was established and has aroused the farmers’ enthusiasm for getting rich through hard working and brought about a significant change to the production relations in the rural areas. Since the beginning of the 1980s, the township industries have developed rapidly and the rural economy has become unprecedented active. The specialization and commercialization of agricultural production have made the farmers more and more aware of the importance of science and technology, and hence the requirements for sciences have widely emerged in the rural areas. In March 1985 , the Chinese government started the reform of scientific and technological institution in the whole country, further clarifying the policy for the development of science and technology,“Economic construction must rely on science and technology and scientific and technological workers to be oriented toward rural economy”, extend research achievements of science and technology to rural areas and help develop the rural economy. China is a large agricultural country with the rural population occupying 80% of the national total, and to solve the problems of agricultural, rural areas and farmers is needed by realizing the modernization of China and promoting the development of rural productive force.In May 1985 , the Ministry of Science and Technology submitted to the State Council a suggestion to “implement a batch of scientific and technological projects of quick benefit so as to promote Local economy” , in which the proverb “A single spark can start a prairie fir” was quoted, hence came the name of Spark Program, meaning that the spark of science and technology will extend over the vast rural areas of China. The Chinese government approved the implementation of this program in early 1986.20世纪70年代末期，中国经济体制的改革首度在农村跟上。家庭联产承包责任制的创建，唤起了亿万农民劳动致富的热情，使中国农村生产关系再次发生了一次根本性变革。转入80年代以后，乡镇工业发展快速增长，农业经济空前活跃。农业生产的专业化、商品化使农民更加认识到科学技术的重要性，从而使农村广泛产生了对科学的市场需求和渴求。

1985年3月，中国政府在全国实施科技体制改革，更进一步具体了“经济建设必需依赖科学技术，科学技术工作必需面向经济建设”的科技发展方针，为广大科研院所和科技工作者面向农村经济主战场、向农村推展科技成果、协助农村发展经济获取了契机。中国是一个农业大国，农村人口占到80%，解决问题农业、农村和农民问题是构建中国现代化的关键，从这个基点抵达，迎合全国经济体制改革的形势和农村生产力发展的必须，1985年5月，国家科委向国务院明确提出了“关于捉一批较短、平、慢科技项目增进地方经济大力发展”的批示，提到了中国的一句谚语“星星之火，可以燎原”齐名取名为“星火计划”。寓意为科技的星星之火，终将燃遍中国的农村大地。1986年初中国政府批准后实行这项计划。

The Spark Program is the first program approved by the Chinese government to promote the development of rural economy by relying on science and technology and is an important component of plans for the national economic and scientific and technological development. The purpose of the program is to introduce advanced, appropriate technologies into the rural areas and lead the farmers to rely on science and technology in the rural areas, promote rural productivity, and expedite the sustainable, rapid and healthy development of agriculture and rural economy.星火计划是经中国政府批准后实行的第一个依赖科学技术增进农村经济发展的计划，是我国国民经济和科技发展计划的最重要组成部分。其宗旨是：把先进设备限于的技术推向农村，引领亿万农民依赖科技发展农村经济，引领乡镇企业的科技进步，增进农村劳动者整体素质的提升，推展农业和农村经济持续、较慢、身体健康发展。

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